Building consensus on definition and nomenclature of hepatic, pancreatic, and biliary organoids
Ary Marsee, Floris J.M. Roos, Monique M.A. Verstegen, Sylvia Boj, Pedro Baptista, Kerstin Schneeberger, Carol Soroka, Markus Heim, Sandro Nuciforo, Kenneth Zaret, Yoshimasa Saito, Matthias Lutolf, Vincenzo Cardinale, Ben Simons, Sven van IJzendoorn, Akihide Kamiya, Hiromi Chikada, Shuyong Wang, Seon Ju Mun, Myung Jin Son, Tamer Tevfik Onder, James Boyer, Toshiro Sato, Nikitas Georgakopoulos, Andre Meneses, Laura Broutier, Luke Boulter, Dominic Grün, Jan IJzermans, Benedetta Artegiani, Ruben van Boxtel, Ewart Kuijk, Guido Carpino, Gary Peltz, Jesus Banales, Nancy Man, Luigi Aloia, Nicholas LaRusso, Gregory George, Casey Rimland, George Yeoh, Anne Grappin-Botton, Daniel Stange, Nicole Prior, Janina E E Tirnitz-Parker, Emma Andersson, Chiara Braconi, Nicholas Hannan, Wei-Yu Lu, Stephen Strom, Pau Sancho-Bru, Shinichiro Ogawa, Vincenzo Corbo, Madeline Lancaster, Huili Hu, Sabine Fuchs, Delilah HendriksHelmuth Gehart, Eelco de Koning, Frederic Lemaigre, Stuart J. Forbes, Weng Chuan Peng, Meritxell Huch, Takanori Takebe, Ludovic Vallier, Hans Clevers, Luc J.W. van der Laan, and Bart Spee.
Cell Stem Cell, 2021, 28 (5):P816-832
Hepatic, pancreatic, and biliary (HPB) organoids are powerful tools for studying development, disease, and regeneration. As organoid research expands, the need for clear definitions and nomenclature describing these systems also grows. To facilitate scientific communication and consistent interpretation, we revisit the concept of an organoid and introduce an intuitive classification system and nomenclature for describing these 3D structures through the consensus of experts in the field. To promote the standardization and validation of HPB organoids, we propose guidelines for establishing, characterizing, and benchmarking future systems. Finally, we address some of the major challenges to the clinical application of organoids.
Hepatic, pancreatic, and biliary (HPB) organoids are powerful tools for studying development, disease, and regeneration. As organoid research expands, the need for clear definitions and nomenclature describing these systems also grows. To facilitate scientific communication and consistent interpretation, we revisit the concept of an organoid and introduce an intuitive classification system and nomenclature for describing these 3D structures through the consensus of experts in the field. To promote the standardization and validation of HPB organoids, we propose guidelines for establishing, characterizing, and benchmarking future systems. Finally, we address some of the major challenges to the clinical application of organoids.