Dated historical biogeography of the temperate Loliinae (Poaceae, Pooideae) grasses in the northern and southern hemispheres.
Inda, L.A.; Segarra-Moragues, J.G.; Müller, J., Peterson, P.M.; Catalán, P.. Dated historical biogeography of the temperate Loliinae (Poaceae, Pooideae) grasses in the northern and southern hemispheres.. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2008, Vol. 46, p. 932-2008.
Divergence times and biogeographical analyses have been conducted within the Loliinae, one of the largest subtribes of temperate
grasses. New sequence data from representatives of the almost unexplored New World, New Zealand, and Eastern Asian centres were
added to those of the panMediterranean region and used to reconstruct the phylogeny of the group and to calculate the times of lineagesplitting
using Bayesian approaches. The traditional separation between broad-leaved and fine-leaved Festuca species was still maintained,
though several new broad-leaved lineages fell within the fine-leaved clade or were placed in an unsupported intermediate position.
A strong biogeographical signal was detected for several Asian–American, American, Neozeylandic, and Macaronesian clades with different
affinities to both the broad and the fine-leaved Festuca. Bayesian estimates of divergence and dispersal–vicariance analyses indicate
that the broad-leaved and fine-leaved Loliinae likely originated in the Miocene (13 My) in the panMediterranean–SW Asian region and
then expanded towards C and E Asia from where they colonized the New World. Further expansions in America (10–3.8 My) showed a
predominant migratory route from North to South (N AmericaM the Andes MPatagonia). This late Tertiary scenario of successive colonizations
and secondary polyploid radiations in the southern hemisphere from the northern hemisphere was accompanied by occasional
transcontinental long-distance dispersal events between South America and New Zealand. Multiple Pliocene dispersal events (3.6–
2.5 My) from the near SW European and NW African continents gave rise to the Macaronesian Loliinae flora, while a more recent Pleistocene
origin (2–1 My) is hypothesized for the high polyploid lineages that successfully colonized newly deglaciated areas in both
hemispheres.
Divergence times and biogeographical analyses have been conducted within the Loliinae, one of the largest subtribes of temperate
grasses. New sequence data from representatives of the almost unexplored New World, New Zealand, and Eastern Asian centres were
added to those of the panMediterranean region and used to reconstruct the phylogeny of the group and to calculate the times of lineagesplitting
using Bayesian approaches. The traditional separation between broad-leaved and fine-leaved Festuca species was still maintained,
though several new broad-leaved lineages fell within the fine-leaved clade or were placed in an unsupported intermediate position.
A strong biogeographical signal was detected for several Asian–American, American, Neozeylandic, and Macaronesian clades with different
affinities to both the broad and the fine-leaved Festuca. Bayesian estimates of divergence and dispersal–vicariance analyses indicate
that the broad-leaved and fine-leaved Loliinae likely originated in the Miocene (13 My) in the panMediterranean–SW Asian region and
then expanded towards C and E Asia from where they colonized the New World. Further expansions in America (10–3.8 My) showed a
predominant migratory route from North to South (N AmericaM the Andes MPatagonia). This late Tertiary scenario of successive colonizations
and secondary polyploid radiations in the southern hemisphere from the northern hemisphere was accompanied by occasional
transcontinental long-distance dispersal events between South America and New Zealand. Multiple Pliocene dispersal events (3.6–
2.5 My) from the near SW European and NW African continents gave rise to the Macaronesian Loliinae flora, while a more recent Pleistocene
origin (2–1 My) is hypothesized for the high polyploid lineages that successfully colonized newly deglaciated areas in both
hemispheres.