The multisite PeachRefPop collection: A true cultural heritage and international scientific tool for fruit trees

Cirilli et al., 2020. The multisite PeachRefPop collection: A true cultural heritage and international scientific tool for fruit trees. Plant Physiology, 2020, 184(2), pp. 632-646.

Plants have evolved a range of adaptive mechanisms that adjust their development and physiology to variable external
conditions, particularly in perennial species subjected to long-term interplay with the environment. Exploiting the allelic
diversity within available germplasm and leveraging the knowledge of the mechanisms regulating genotype interaction with
the environment are crucial to address climatic challenges and assist the breeding of novel cultivars with improved resilience.
The development of multisite collections is of utmost importance for the conservation and utilization of genetic materials and
will greatly facilitate the dissection of genotype-by-environment interaction. Such resources are still lacking for perennial
trees, especially with the intrinsic difficulties of successful propagation, material exchange, and living collection maintenance.
This work describes the concept, design, and realization of the first multisite peach (Prunus persica) reference collection
(PeachRefPop) located across different European countries and sharing the same experimental design. Other than an
invaluable tool for scientific studies in perennial species, PeachRefPop provides a milestone in an international collaborative
project for the conservation and exploitation of European peach germplasm resources and, ultimately, as a true heritage for
future generations